Shikoku 88 Temples: Pilgrimage Meaning & How to Walk

What exactly is the Shikoku Pilgrimage? Is it just sightseeing?

The Shikoku Henro is a spiritual journey, visiting 88 Buddhist temples across Shikoku Island.

Eighty-eight temples!? That sounds huge… Do I have to visit all of them?

You don’t need to complete all. But if you visit every temple, it’s called “Keichigan,” a meaningful completion of the pilgrimage.

Travelers in Japan often hear about the “Shikoku Pilgrimage,” but for many foreign visitors it raises questions: “What does walking 88 temples really mean?” “What clothing or gear do I need?” When I once guided an international friend, they were confused about how to bow at the temple and how to use the stamp book for collecting goshuin. Without preparation, this sacred experience can feel like just a long hike.

The Shikoku Henro is more than walking—it’s a cultural and spiritual journey to the 88 temples connected to Kobo Daishi. Without learning the etiquette, you risk offending locals or fellow pilgrims. And for safety, you’ll need to plan your budget, clothing, and what to bring.

This article explains what the Shikoku Pilgrimage is, how to walk it, essential manners, packing lists, and travel tips so foreign visitors can enjoy it with confidence.

What Is the Shikoku Pilgrimage? Meaning and History of the 88 Temples

The Shikoku Pilgrimage is a traditional route of 88 temples linked to the monk Kobo Daishi. Stretching over 1,200 km, it is said to purify the spirit and offer a chance to reflect on life. For international travelers, it is both a religious and cultural experience that is gaining worldwide attention.

One traveler shared, “As I walked, locals offered me small gifts called ‘osettai,’ and it truly warmed my heart.” However, long-distance walking requires money and stamina, and without planning some people give up midway. To prepare, keep the following in mind:

Walking the full route takes over 40 days—plan your itinerary and budget carefully.
If unsure of your stamina, choose recommended short routes.
During temple visits, act quietly and follow local manners.

The Henro is not ordinary sightseeing. By understanding its history and meaning, the pilgrimage becomes a much deeper travel experience.

How to Walk the Shikoku Pilgrimage and Essential Manners

Covering 1,200 km and 88 temples, the Henro can seem overwhelming for first-time foreign travelers. Many worry: “How should I walk?” “Are the rules strict?” When I began, I once bowed in the wrong order, but a kind priest gently corrected me. Knowing the basics makes the journey more enjoyable.

Key manners for walking the Shikoku Pilgrimage include:

Bow at the temple gate before entering.
Offer coins at the main hall before praying.
Receive stamps and paper slips with gratitude.
Walk quietly on temple grounds and confirm photo rules.

Costs and style vary by transport—walking, bus, or taxi. Beginners often try “section pilgrimages,” a short itinerary lasting a few days. Adjust your route to match your stamina and budget.

Note: some temples ban eating or smoking on the grounds. In summer, the heat can cause dehydration, so bring water and a hat. Following these manners ensures a respectful, memorable experience.

Packing List for the Shikoku Pilgrimage and What to Buy Locally

Good preparation is essential for a safe and comfortable Henro journey. Many beginners, especially foreign visitors, wonder what to bring. I once started with minimal gear and had to buy rainwear and shoes along the way—costly mistakes. Checking your packing list in advance saves money and stress.

Recommended essentials include:

Comfortable walking shoes and quick-dry socks
Hat and sunscreen for heat protection
Rain gear or a folding umbrella
Pilgrimage items such as osamefuda, prayer beads, and sutra book
Water bottle and light snacks
Cash and coins for temple stamps

Not everything needs to be purchased abroad. Items like white pilgrim coats and staffs are sold at temples or specialty shops in Shikoku, often inexpensive or available for rent. This not only reduces luggage but also adds to the cultural experience.

Be aware that many temple areas lack convenience stores, so stock up on water and food beforehand. With the right preparation, you’ll avoid extra costs and enjoy a smoother pilgrimage.

Clothing Guide for the Shikoku Pilgrimage: Seasonal Styles

You can walk the Henro year-round, but clothing changes greatly with the seasons. The wrong outfit drains energy and may force extra spending, so plan carefully.

Recommended seasonal styles:

Spring (Mar–May): Light jackets and layers for chilly mornings; allergy protection if needed.
Summer (Jun–Aug): Breathable quick-dry shirts, hat, sunscreen, and a water bottle are must-haves.
Autumn (Sep–Nov): Comfortable long sleeves with a light jacket for stable weather.
Winter (Dec–Feb): Warm jackets, gloves, and non-slip shoes for cold mountain areas.

Outdoor quick-dry and lightweight clothing is highly recommended. Though it may cost more, the comfort and safety are worth it. Rentals and local purchases are possible, but preparing your own ensures a better fit. With the right clothing, the pilgrimage becomes a more enjoyable and memorable travel experience.

How to Enjoy Collecting Goshuin (Temple Stamps)

One highlight of the pilgrimage is collecting goshuin, temple stamps placed by monks in a special book called nokyocho. Each stamp is proof of your visit and becomes a lasting record of your journey. Many travelers describe the joy of watching their book fill up, motivating them to continue while learning more about Japanese culture.

To receive a goshuin, follow the proper etiquette: first complete your prayer, then quietly present your book with gratitude. The typical cost is around 500 yen per temple. During busy times, wait patiently in line. If you forget your stamp book, some temples only offer paper stamps—so plan ahead.

Collecting goshuin is like a cultural stamp rally, letting you see your progress visually. More than souvenirs, they are spiritual keepsakes, making the Henro a deeply meaningful experience.

Conclusion: Experiencing Japanese Manners Through the Shikoku Pilgrimage

The Shikoku Henro combines sacred history, etiquette, packing tips, seasonal clothing, budget advice, and goshuin into one profound journey. Preparing properly allows foreign travelers to walk with confidence while gaining a deeper understanding of Japanese culture. Respecting local manners not only avoids problems but also creates positive connections with residents and fellow pilgrims. Learning Japanese etiquette is not just part of tourism—it is the key to turning travel into a meaningful cultural experience.